CCG长期关注国内政策与改革研究,在中国开放指数、区域与城市、湾区经济、城乡一体化等多方面均提出建设性政策建议。
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魏建国:全球经济有点冷,进博会是一盆火
专家简介
2018年11月13日 -
黄日涵:进口博览会向世界传递中国开放信号
黄日涵, 全球化智库(CCG)一带一路研究所所长
2018年11月12日 -
沈诗伟:进口货可以多些“非洲范儿”
作者 | 沈诗伟,全球化智库(CCG)特邀研究员 正在上海举行的首届中国国际进口博览会上,非洲8个国家如南非、摩洛哥等带来丰富展品,期待进军中国市场。肯尼亚总统乌胡鲁·肯雅塔还亲自率领商界代表团,向中国推销起本国的优质农产品。相信不久,国人的餐桌上将出现肯尼亚的芒果和牛油果等。 来自世界各地优质食品可谓此次进口博览会的一大亮点,比如新西兰的奇异果、智利的车厘子等。而一些来自小众国家和地区的新鲜农副产品,实景展示了很多美食不只是来自传统印象里的那些产地。 笔者曾在非洲生活工作多年,亲自尝试非洲农副产品是日常生活的一个重要主题,比如中国市场的葡萄酒新锐——南非葡萄酒。8月份的南非正值冬季,笔者在号称南非“波尔多”的开普敦康斯坦提亚镇和斯坦陵布什镇,实地了解到南非首屈一指的葡萄酒优质产区。开普敦当地培育的酿酒葡萄皮诺塔吉,堪称南非国宝级红葡萄酒品种。 近年来,在中国和南非的贸易中,葡萄酒交易的快速增长是一大亮点。根据南非西开普省政府数据,中国在2014年成为南非第六大葡萄酒出口市场。不过,南非红酒在中国市场的认知度还不及法国与意大利等传统葡萄酒大国,也不如澳大利亚与智利等新兴葡萄酒主产国。作为中国葡萄酒市场的“新来者”,想要立足并拓宽中国市场的南非红酒,还有不少的路要走。 长期以来,矿物燃料、矿石和基础金属原料等是中国从非洲进口的主要货物,农产品多以芝麻、花生和棉花等经济作物为主。中国海关数据显示,2017年中国与非洲的进出口贸易总额达1700亿美元,占中国对外贸易比重4%。在今年中非合作论坛北京峰会上,中国扩大进口非洲商品特别是非资源类产品的决定表明中非贸易结构将更加多元化。可以预见,中国从非洲扩大进口,特别是特色农产品和粗加工产品的进口潜力巨大。 由于缺乏足够的展会平台,非洲优质农产品在华品牌价值尚未完全开发。此次中国国际进口博览会就是更多非洲国家出口商展示并扩大对华出口的重要平台和机遇。 从中国进口商和普通消费者来看,近距离接触非洲丰富多样的优质产品,可以清楚地认识到进口来源地不是仅局限于传统的欧洲、美洲和澳新等地,从非洲进口会更加多元化,也可以更加满足民众日益增长的美好生活需要。 借助本次国际进口博览会,建立中非电子商务合作机制,以及支持设立50亿美元的自非洲进口贸易融资专项资金等,一系列利好举措表明,未来老百姓日常生活的进口货不仅种类繁多,产地还丰富多样,不仅可以走欧美范儿,也可以很“非洲范儿”。 文章选自《环球时报》,2018年11月9日
2018年11月12日 -
魏建国:进博会为提升营商环境创造机遇 为改革开放注入活力
专家简介
2018年11月7日 -
He Weiwen: China’s tariff cuts contrast with U.S.’s tariff hikes
By He Weiwen, a senior research fellow at the Center for China and Globalization(CCG). Amid ongoing trade war with the U.S., China is cutting import tariffs on nearly 1,600 items starting November 1. They account for 19 percent of the total number of Chinese taxed products, cutting down the average tax rate from 10.5 percent to 7.8 percent. The move comes after the Chinese government offered zero tariffs on an array of imported medicines starting May 1 and tariff cuts on consumer goods, vehicles and auto parts starting July 1. After the latest round of tax adjustment, China’s overall tariff rate will stay at 7.5 percent, down from 9.8 percent last year and lower than that of most developing countries. The trade-weighted average tariff rate will be 3.7 percent, marginally higher than Japan (2.1 percent), the U.S. (2.4 percent) and the EU (3.0 percent), but slightly lower than Australia (4.0 percent). In the midst of China’s tax-cutting efforts, the China International Import Expo (CIIE), the world’s first import-themed national-level expo, will be held in Shanghai from November 5 to 10. It will be another major move by China to further open up its market to the world. Is China yielding to the pressure from Donald Trump’s trade war? Absolutely not. China’s tariff cuts and the CIIE were planned before Trump’s unilateral tariffs on Chinese products. The U.S., given China’s retaliatory duties on 110 billion U.S. dollars of American goods, will be standing at an unfavorable position in exporting to China. There are three major reasons for China’s tariff cuts and the CIIE. First, the Chinese economy and people need them. The three rounds of tariff cuts mainly cover pharmaceuticals for people’s health, vehicles and auto parts for people’s auto consumption and the need to upgrade domestic auto-makers, consumer goods for people’s daily necessities, and machinery for China’s high-end manufacturing. Lower tariffs mean lower costs for both producers and consumers. They also mean intensified competition, propelling domestic manufacturers to advance their core competitiveness. Second, the world free trade system needs them. The Trump administration is challenging the WTO-represented multilateral free trade mechanism and its unilateral acts are casting a cloud over the prospects of free trade. China’s latest endeavors are in support of the world free trade mechanism and WTO’s core principles: non-discrimination and free flow of goods among nations. Third, the world economy needs them. While the world’s GDP growth rate is expected to be 0.2 percent lower than the previous estimate due to Trump’s trade war, China’s massive tariff cuts and the CIIE will provide tremendous market opportunities and thus serve as a fresh impetus to global economic growth. Every 10 percent of Chinese imports in goods and services will mean an additional 250 billion U.S. dollars in sales in the world market. Apart from the CIIE and tax-cutting endeavors, China is doing more to uphold globalization and the world multilateral trade mechanism with the WTO at the core. The country is earnestly working with the EU, Japan, Canada, ASEAN and many other WTO members on WTO reforms to keep abreast with the changing technology and trading environment while adhering to WTO’s core principles of non-discrimination and free flow of goods. In the meantime, China is unfolding full-fledged infrastructure, trade, investment and financial cooperation with vast numbers of countries along the Belt and Road initiative for an all-inclusive and win-win future, namely, a community of shared destiny for mankind. Moreover, China is pushing forward talks on various regional trade agreements and free trade agreements (FTA), including China-Japan-South Korea tripartite FTA, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, FTA with Canada and so forth. It is our firm belief that globalization and free trade will continue to prevail over unilateralism. Counter-globalization is only a temporary current. History has proved repeatedly that no trade policies can alter the economic law of globalization. China, as a responsible member of the international community, will continue to do its best in the right direction. From ECNS,2018-10-31
2018年11月1日