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CCG持续关注国际关系议题,推动中国与全球化的发展,积极开展国际交流,充分发挥智库“二轨外交”作用,在巴黎和平论坛、达沃斯世界经济论坛、慕尼黑安全会议等重要国际政策与意见交流平台上组织分论坛、边会、圆桌会议、晚宴等活动,促进国际政商学界对话,凝聚共识;CCG积极与各国政界、智库界、工商界开展“二轨外交”活动,每年常态化赴多国调研与交流,促进中外关系攸关方互动,保持与多国政策圈层的沟通渠道。
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CCG常务理事、CSOFT总裁葉雪泥坐客CGTN访谈:如何与中国共赢
理事简介葉雪泥,CCG常务理事,CSOFT 华也国际创始人,总裁兼首席执行官。北京时间12月8日晚9:00,CSOFT总裁兼CEO葉雪泥(Shunee Yee)坐客广州国际媒体港CGTN直播现场,应邀参加中国国际电视台2017财富全球论坛特别节目讨论。CGTN主持人成蕾,CSOFT总裁Shunee Yee,WME-IMG中国区CEO Michael Ma和保尔森基金会中国研究所总经理Kevin MoCSOFT总裁葉雪泥与CGTN全球财经主持人成蕾、WME-IMG中国区CEO Michael Ma和保尔森基金会中国研究所总经理Kevin Mo,一起讨论当中国企业推动全球化战略的同时,跨国企业应当“如何在中国赢得市场”。本期CGTN全球财经广州《财富》论坛特别节目,从以下几方面与三位专家讨论前沿热议话题:跨国公司与中国公司合作的机会,什么是全球化的最佳途径,中国公司如何更好地与国际社会打交道。跨国公司未来的机会 葉雪泥称:“对于很多跨国公司来说,下一个最大的机遇就在于如何把东方的创新带到西方。30年前,中国企业一直为跨国公司做代工。今天,中国的创新技术已经实现了跨越式增长。” 正如苹果首席执行官蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook)在财富论坛开幕演讲上指出,苹果选择中国,不仅因为中国拥有最好的制造技术,中国还为苹果输送了人才和创新。随着创新能力的不断增长,中国公司和跨国公司将面临更多机会。14年前,CSOFT的客户都是来自中国以外的跨国公司500强,他们希望能将产品本地化到几十种语言。今天,CSOFT为130多个来自不同行业的中国品牌提供服务,并本地化到100多种语言。这表明,中国在全球经济中的赶超速度之快,已经从以前的追随者转变为引领者。文化整合战略随着中国的崛起和创新发展,要想在全球取得成功,不仅仅需要翻译技术。葉雪泥表示,其最终目标是与受众连接。每一个细节都必须考虑到目标受众,使产品和服务在当地市场产生共鸣,甚至包括公司所使用的语言。虽然,葉雪泥认为公司的工作语言是个人选择,但它仍是一种品牌战略,因此,选择合适的语言来跨越国界与客户沟通,是至关重要的。在中国的全球化进程中,很多顶级品牌都认识到了本地化的重要性。他们意识到只翻译产品是不够的,还需要反映当地的文化、习惯和视角。比如华为、美的和阿里巴巴等公司,他们投资的绝不仅仅是翻译本身。华为非常注重产品的可用性,以多种方式来迎合世界各地的消费者,而不仅仅是翻译用户手册。如何正确参与全球市场葉雪泥认为,中国企业走向全球的最大挑战,是如何正确地输出“软实力”。虽然中国企业在研发方面投入很大,但仅依靠先进技术是远远不够的。希望有效地触达全球受众,就要加大在语言和文化上的软实力投入。中国很多企业创始人是理工科背景,他们能够生产出高质量的产品,但与消费者之间的接触还不够。中国的企业,往往缺乏一个擅于给受众讲故事的人。用当地视角,给人们讲述产品的真实体验和故事,需要通过很多本地化细节适应不同的国家。这就需要一个品牌的CEO从一开始就具备一种全球化思维。CSOFT华也国际与深圳市政府曾联合出品“全球化·深圳100”研究报告,由华也国际团队调研走访了一批全球化“新锐企业”,这些年轻的CEO从公司创立之初,就具备全球化的视野,他们在全球化的战略上也更容易取得成功。采访结束时,葉雪泥总结到:“全世界参与中国市场的最好方式,就是‘开放与创新’,反之亦然。”葉雪泥CGTN全球财经访谈报道:https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d596a4d7745545a326c4754/share_p.html?from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=0文章选自CSOFT,2017年12月12日
2017年12月13日 -
China Daily Cover Story: Digital Eminence
Companies from around the world invited to join in China’s internet success storyChina’s digital economy is now bigger than the entire economies of the United Kingdom, France or Italy and more than eight times that of Africa’s largest economy, Nigeria.The impression of the scale of cyberspace in the world’s second-largest economy was what many took away from the 4th World Internet Conference in Wuzhen, Zhejiang province.More than 1,500 entrepreneurs, academics and officials from 80 countries descended on the ancient water town known as the "Venice of the East" for the three-day event, which began on Dec 3.The 4th World Internet Conference opens in Wuzhen, Zhejiang province, on Dec 3. More than 1,500 entrepreneurs, academics and officials from 80 countries attended. Huang Zongzhi / XinhuaChina’s digital economy was worth 22.6 trillion yuan ($3.41 trillion; 2.9 trillion euros; £2.6 trillion) in 2016, up by 18.9 percent year-on-year, according to the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.This compares with the entire GDP of the UK ($2.63 trillion), France ($2.47 trillion) and Nigeria ($406 billion) in the same year, according to the International Monetary Fund. Even that of Germany ($3.48 trillion), Europe’s largest economy, was only marginally ahead.Nearly one in five (751 million) of the 3.89 billion internet users around the world are now in China, according to government figures released ahead of the conference.President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter to the conference, saying he wanted companies from across the world to participate in China’s internet success story."Building a community of common future in cyberspace has increasingly become the widespread common understanding of international society," he said."China’s door to the world will never close, but will only open wider." His remarks fitted in with the theme of this year’s conference: "Developing Digital Economy for Openness and Shared Benefits - Building a Community of Common Future in Cyberspace".Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, one of the most high-profile attendees, said he and his company shared the aims of the conference."The theme of this conference - developing a digital economy for openness and shared benefits - is a vision we at Apple share," he said."We are proud to have worked alongside many of our partners in China to help build a community that will join a common future in cyberspace."At the opening day of the conference, which was hosted by the Cyberspace Administration of China and the Zhejiang provincial government, awards were presented for outstanding achievements in the field of the internet.One of the winners of the World Leading Internet Scientific and Technological Achievement awards was Mobike Technology.Few companies have had such a dramatic impact on the physical landscape of China and other cities around the world as the Beijing-based company and its competitors, including ofo, with millions of consumers now using their dockless bikes.Davis Wang, Mobike’s co-founder and chief executive officer, recalled sitting in his office with colleagues three years ago, wondering what the solution was to air pollution and traffic jams."We noticed also that the usage of bicycles had declined and wondered whether this could be reversed. We came up with a solution that combined smartphone technology with GPS tracking systems," he said while collecting his company’s award.Among the 13 other winners - which included a mix of Chinese and US tech giants including Baidu, Alibaba, Microsoft, Amazon and Apple, but no European ones - was telecommunications giant Huawei Technologies, which won for its next-generation mobile communications 3GPP 5G Pre-Commercial System.One of the most anticipated launches was that of 5G - the fifth generation of mobile communications - which is expected to be rolled out globally by 2020.Xu Zhijun, rotating chief executive officer of Huawei, told the conference that 5G would enable a 6-gigabyte file such as a movie to be downloaded in just two seconds.It will have major implications for big data and autonomous vehicles, in which China hopes to be a global leader.Chinese companies could play a leading role in new mobile technology.China Mobile, the world’s largest telecommunications carrier by subscribers, said it seeks to deploy more than 10,000 5G base stations by 2020 and aims to launch a pre-commercial service next year.China’s mobile carriers are forecast to invest at least $173 billion in 5G construction in the six years up to 2025, according to US-based global investment bank Jefferies. This is 48 percent more than the total spent on 4G from 2013-20.5G is also forecast to drive 6.3 trillion yuan of economic output by 2030, according to a report by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.Luigi Gambardella, co-founder and president of the ChinaEU Association for Digital, a Brussels-based nonprofit organization, says the new technology will cause the digital economy to "explode"."It is a revolution, a new era that is coming. It will also happen that fast," he says.Gambardella, a former vice-president for relations with the European Union at Telecom Italia who attended the conference, says the new mobile communications will see other technologies go to a new level."It is the infrastructure that will enable a lot of new technologies and the collection of data that will fuel the digital economy."With many leading tech figures from around the world, one major area of discussion was the global governance of the internet and its regulations to deal with such issues as cybersecurity and cross-border e-commerce.Xu Lin, minister of the Cyberspace Administration of China, said it was important for countries to work together to develop policy and regulations, particularly in such areas as regulating network facilities, information technology, cross-border e-commerce, data distribution and other digital-related fields."Working together, we should deepen global cooperation on cybersecurity, strengthen data protection and combat crimes in the field of digital economy," he said.He said China was committed to following through on existing initiatives."We will actively implement the G20 Digital Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative and deepen international cooperation related to the Belt and Road Initiative."Wang Huiyao, founder and president of the Center for China and Globalization, one of China’s largest independent think tanks, says getting a global architecture in place for the development of cross border e-commerce is vital."It is OK if you want to order a book or something that comes in a parcel, but if, say, you want to buy an air conditioner from somewhere, it is likely to get stuck at customs. There is confusion as to what customs duties should be levied and many other aspects of this. This is going to be a big problem when half of the world economy is set to be made up of e-commerce by 2030, " he says."This is very difficult to do through the World Trade Organization, because it would be almost impossible to get 200 countries to agree. There needs to be something like an I20 dealing with internet issues, like there is currently a B20 that creates a dialogue for business issues under the umbrella of the G20."Gambardella from the ChinaEU Association for Digital says establishing an overarching regulatory framework is increasingly difficult to do without major input from China."It is the most important country in the world for the internet and it is not possible to discuss future policy or regulation without China. China has to be part of any discussion on the future of the internet."The US and Europe have to recognize this as a fact. It is not the same as 10 or 15 years ago when the internet was quite new to China."This rapid growth was highlighted in research done by the China Internet Network Information Center.The number of people who access the web using their mobile phones has increased more than 14-fold, from 50.4 million in 2007 to 724 million this year.In any given minute in China, 194,000 people are video-or audio-chatting on WeChat, China’s top social networking app, owned by e-commerce giant Tencent, according to research by Tech in Asia, a technology website.During the same time frame, 770 people spend $1.13 million on purchases through Alibaba Group’s online marketplaces.Pony Ma, chairman and CEO of Tencent Holdings, told the conference that because of this massive expansion, internet companies such as his had a responsibility to the people who used their services."With the rising digital economy, internet-based technology enterprises should be aware of the responsibilities they need to shoulder," he said."Internet access has become a basic human need, just like water and electricity."Wang Huning, a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, said in his opening address that he wanted companies from across the world to invest in China."We sincerely welcome internet companies and entrepreneurs of all countries to invest here in China. We also hope that various markets will further open up to Chinese enterprises."The conference concluded with the organizers issuing a statement that the conference "marked a firm step forward for the consensus of global internet development and administration".At a final news conference, industry experts and entrepreneurs delivered the message that China is now expected to provide new impetus to the development of internet technologies around the world.Ren Xianliang, deputy director of the Cyberspace Administration of China, said China was now a leader rather than a follower."China has grown from being a beneficiary of internet development to being a contributor and leader in certain internet technologies," he said.Thomas Kwesi Quartey, vice-chairman of the African Union, said in a speech at the closing ceremony that China had become a role model for his continent in this area."China presents possibilities of what can be done in our own countries for eliminating the digital divide," he said.From China Daily,2017-12-8
2017年12月13日 -
徐小平:61岁了,我还享受着投资带来的兴奋感
徐小平,全球化智库(CCG)副主席,真格基金创始人。距离2017年的结束,只剩下最后一个月。 即将过去一年里,我们已刻意不再提起“资本寒冬”。不断有人乘风而至,也不断有人随风而去。 2017年,共享成为热门“前缀”。共享单车战局接近尾声,共享充电宝日渐疲惫,ICO在热捧中突遭变故,无人零售短暂登上新风口,就连线上抓娃娃也成为人们争相关注的趋势。 投资者谨慎又焦虑,值得庆幸的是,仍然有创业者在风口之外积蓄起力量。在线教育终于迎来了大爆发,无人驾驶不再遥远,新鲜面世的手机们也争相使用面部识别。 创业从未像今天这样浸入到每个人的生活中,在改变与被改变之间,我们正在见证着历史的发生。 寻找并记录,正是我们的使命。九月,近200位创业者参与了寻找中国创客年度路演,在70余位顶级投资人的考验下,45强脱颖而出。我们欣喜地看到,这一代的创业者正日趋成熟。 我们无法预先看到未来,但仍能从顶级企业家和投资人的叙述中,找寻商业与科技的发展脉络。基于此,寻找中国创客年度特刊对话13位中国创客导师,并郑重为你呈现。应摄影师要求,徐小平趴在门边拍照。他像小孩子一样吐舌头,自如地变换着表情,逗乐了整个办公室,自己却毫不在意。这是徐小平的常态:所到之处必定引来欢笑,而且是哄堂大笑,不论是在创投活动现场,还是在真格内部会议上。牺牲自我,娱乐他人,徐小平认为自己的娱乐精神来源于安全感与自信。61岁的他依然活跃在投资一线,好奇心、兴奋感如初,“还像40岁加盟新东方创业时那样兴奋”。投资十年,真格6年,这个“投资老兵”毫不避讳地给自己打100分满分。对于天使投资,对于真格基金,他仍留出5分的余地。“天使不仅要以低价格投进,更要能看到最高素质的人才和项目,我们应该看得更远”,这是他提出的新要求。1今年我61岁,依然像40岁加盟新东方创业时那样兴奋寻找中国创客:你和王强均是教育行业出身,早期投了众多教育项目,为何今年才成立教育专项基金?徐小平:真格投出了众多教育项目,比如第一个上市的在线教育51Talk、发展极迅速的VIPKID、在线教育的黑马一起作业等等。今年成立教育专项基金的目的是为了给全社会一个信息:教育创新创业的黄金时代刚刚开始。比如让外国人教中国小孩英语;让北京老师跟贵州孩子面对面教学;把知识送往穷乡僻壤,完成教育的精准扶贫。寻找中国创客:回溯真格7年来投出的项目,什么项目对真格成长最重要,带来了哪些成长?徐小平:其实,我跟王强从新东方上市不久后便开始做投资,真格不止6年。我们投出了很多独角兽项目,比如早期的世纪佳缘、兰亭集势、聚美优品、一起作业…后来的找钢网、小红书、蜜芽宝贝、美菜、依图、优客工场、罗辑思维、以及ofo等。寻找中国创客:为什么选择这几个?徐小平:因为它们估值最高、发展最快。创业的本质是创造社会最需要的东西,但是投资不是,投资的本质是投出成长最快的项目。寻找中国创客:投出独角兽除了给你带来财富外,还有哪些启发、影响?徐小平:虽然我今年61岁了,但是还像40岁加盟新东方创业时那样兴奋。于个人,每一个项目都填补了生活的某一个空白;于社会,它们填补了文明的每一个漏洞、缺陷。共享单车、共享汽车已经改变了中国城市的景观和交通,这是令人真正激动的。一个项目想要盈利,必须是承担或是创造了某种社会价值,这也是我们投资这个项目的根本驱动力。寻找中国创客:假如给真格这些年打一个分,多少分? 徐小平:95分,算是一个优秀的成绩。5分扣在哪里? 我一直保持一个纯粹天使的心态,只愿意投最早期,但这个认知让我放弃了很多其实可以给我们带来巨大回报的项目。所以我在不断思考投资的本质,我们已经开始积极进入Pre-A以及A轮阶段。作为天使投资人,我应该看得更远一点。2只要人够牛,我们就会投他寻找中国创客:复盘这些独角兽的投资过程,有什么窍门吗?徐小平:我还记得投资ofo时,我和戴维在办公室见了一面,聊了几句话,他们给出的份额不多,但是我都要。我和戴维在之前两年前就认识了。当时我就跟他说,只要你创业我一定投你。这是真格的投人哲学,也是我做投资十年最大的收益和教训。我们不强调模式、不假装比科技创业者更懂技术、不自认比那些资深创业者更懂业务,但我们懂人。只要人够牛,我们就会投他。寻找中国创客:你觉得理想的创业者应该具备哪些品质?徐小平:投人看中的是成熟的性格、端正的价值观、强大的意志、丰富的经验,还有教育的完成。教育完成并不仅仅是指读完大学。像我的好朋友蔡文胜高中也没有毕业,却是我所见过的通过创业实践完成了最完美商业教育的人。寻找中国创客:但项目总有好坏,这对创业者提出了什么考验?徐小平:好项目和坏项目唯一的区别就是创业者是否经得起时间的考验,经得起利益经济诱惑。我对创业者始终抱有一个期待:做事可以失败,但做人不能失败。如果做人失败,就没有第二次机会;做事失败可以归结为运气、决策等种种原因。寻找中国创客:听说真格有一个失败研究院?徐小平:对。我们收留亏过300万人民币以上的创业者,欢迎他们来这里疗伤。目前举办了3期,每期10至20人,他们纷纷把伙伴推荐过来,第三期90%都是之前学员推荐而来。虽然我们无法与清华北大商学院相比,无法与京东、湖畔相比,但是一定能成为具有中国特色的、最受欢迎的商学院之一。3少看一个0,别被估值吓住了寻找中国创客:从2016年到现在,一直有“资本寒冬”的说法,你怎么看?徐小平:资本寒冬从经济角度来看,肯定是有规律的。从我进入投资界十年来看,2008、2009年钱是真不好融,2011年之后越来越好找,一年比一年更好找,去年比前年也好找。寻找中国创客:从资本出手的数量、资金投入的数量来看,是否有今年比前几年少的趋势?徐小平:我意识不到少,反而觉得越来越多;越来越多有钱人,不是把钱转移到国外,不是把钱消耗在奢侈品上,而是把钱投向了新的梦想、新的远方。创业是中国社会年轻人希望所在,是社会进步、经济提升和美好生活的原动力。越来越多的人把钱投入了再创造,投入了他们当年的青春与梦想,所以这是中国社会发展的最好事情之一。寻找中国创客:你的天使投资理论一直在变化,目前为止最新的理论是什么?徐小平:今年,我提出的两个思想。第一,在承诺的份额上乘以2。不要对项目说“试试看”,这是我们过去犯的最大错误之一。要么不投,要么就投满,投出创业者愿意给的最高份额。 第二,要多看一个N,少看一个0。N指是倍数,多看产品、项目,少看0意味着对估值不要那么介意,不要让估值影响了对创业者和项目的判断。过去曾出现因为估值太贵而错失项目,所以今年我跟团队说,在心中要把0忘掉。寻找中国创客:可是当投资份额提到最高,也意味着投资风险在变大。徐小平:既然一个创业在天使轮时什么都没有,我都敢投他。为什么等他的项目已经启动、已经有了成果了,我却不敢投了?估值低并不意味着增值多,估值高时增值可能更高。很多估值巨大的项目,在天使轮、A轮时,天使投资机构都在看;但你想想,即使它已经好几亿美金了,但如果还有五十一百倍的空间,你投不投?错过一个几十倍的项目,是投资人最大的错误。少看一个0,不要被估值吓坏了。我们把对风险容忍度增加了一个0,敢亏,才能赚。4相比美国,中国有更多模式创新的需求寻找中国创客:做投资这么多年,跟刚开始的感觉还一样吗?徐小平:兴奋感是一模一样的,每看一个项目,心情依然沉重,准确说英文是pressure,不完全是压力,更是压强、动感。投一个项目如果没有回报,损失都是数百甚至上千万,所以我要对投资人的钱负责。人永远处在金钱的纠葛中,而投资本就是金钱游戏。寻找中国创客:相比往年,今年投资的项目在数量、领域有什么变化?徐小平:我们不主动追逐变化,变化来追逐我们,不同时代的创业者的想法是不一样的。事实上,今年投出的项目数量是变多了。AI不用说,医疗、教育的项目也在变多,自媒体在前年、去年非常好,但到了今年就不热了,这也反映了社会的趋势。另外,留学生、高科技人员、高管创业的越来越多,呈现明显上升趋势。寻找中国创客:真格的海外投资以技术驱动性的公司为主,国内投资的多为模式创新型。徐小平:在国外,我们主投引领世界的高科技。原因很简单,确实希望能在引领全球的技术中看到未来,知道前沿到底在发生什么。美国的硬科技依然领先于中国若干年,比如中国还没有民间的火箭公司,还没有特斯拉。有些领域我们也许会迅速赶上,有些领域,我们还要拼命努力。寻找中国创客:存在这种差异的原因是什么?徐小平:国内以模式创新为主的原因之一,是因为中国经济才40年,商业土壤依然在发育,相比较美国,中国有更多模式创新的需求。美国从来不是自行车大国,很少人骑,私家车超级发达,所以共享单车就只能在中国一枝独秀,这就是中国独有的机会和骄傲。5我很愿意牺牲自我,娱乐天下人寻找中国创客:许知远与马东的对话引起轰动,如果把“娱乐有没有高下之分”,“技术真的让世界更美好”的问题抛给你,你如何回答?徐小平:许知远提出技术是否令时代进步的问题,他的担忧我也许能理解,但我更愿意歌唱技术给时代带来的好处。当一个民工保安拿着手机获得信息,能够看到家乡父老,看到留守在家的子女,这个社会就离天堂近了一大步。在任何时代,总有知识分子在对发生的事情进行怀疑和批评,我赞美他们。但是我个人观点是,中国社会越来越精致,技术进步使人类越来越幸福。知识分子在诘问社会的同时,应该多一点自我批判精神、多一点反思意识,知识分子也要与时俱进。寻找中国创客:投资心态有变化吗?徐小平:没有变化,依然保持好奇心,强烈的好奇心,不放过任何一个好项目。最近在看的一个项目,已经纠结一个礼拜了,整个办公室只有我一个人坚持投,其他人都不投。我说,我先走一步,你们趁我走否决我吧,大家哄堂大笑。我希望每一个项目都能和真格团队一起决策,但如果我认定一个创业者,大家再反对我也会坚持。寻找中国创客:你是一个娱乐精神特别强的人。徐小平:保持娱乐精神,牺牲自我尊严,娱乐天下人,我是很愿意的。在新东方的时候,我跳过草裙舞,据说也不好看。娱乐精神源于安全感,源于自信心,我并不会因为别人开心,而失去什么。寻找中国创客:如何保持旺盛精力?徐小平:多睡觉。我昨晚九点收到的短信,直到凌晨才有空回复,实在太忙。中间抓紧一切时间睡觉。寻找中国创客:今年,得到发布第二季新产品时,您也到场宣布将推出一个关于创业的专栏,后来并没有看到?徐小平:这是一个遗憾,我欠大家一个产品。我向大家承诺一定要做出来。同题问答寻找中国创客:2017年事业上,你有何遗憾,有何收获?徐小平:收获是人生又丰富了一年。遗憾是我想做的音乐会,又延误了一年;我想写的书,依然没有动笔。寻找中国创客:一句对2018年的寄语。徐小平:投到更多更好的项目,支持更多优秀的创业者。文章选自寻找中国创客,2017年11月22日
2017年12月12日 -
刘永好:企业家要扎扎实实做事 清清白白做人
理事简介刘永好,全球化智库(CCG)资深副主席,新希望集团董事长。 【凤凰网财经讯】 十九大以前,中央以国务院的名义发表了保护支持民营经济和鼓励企业家精神的文件,十九大又非常明确肯定了企业家的精神,支持企业家做好、做大、做强。在新格局下,企业家该怎么做呢? 新希望集团董事长刘永好表示,可以从三方面做起; 首先,还是扎扎实实去做事,要有工匠精神,做事认认真真,不能搞虚的,不能搞一些乱七八糟的假的。我们集团在农业食品领域做了35年,现在农业面临着转型升级的压力、困难和机会,怎么样做呢?只能扎扎实实、认认真真去做,我们有一系列的措施、办法去推动。 第二,我们要清清白白做人。总书记谈到“亲清”的新型政商关系。所谓的亲,当然希望企业家听领导的声音,帮助我们把工作做的更好。但同时,也要政府的主要官员清清白白,不要做一些勾肩搭背的事。过去几年,中国反腐力度很大,鼓励企业家发展,不要做那些不该做的事,这就是要清清白白的做人。 第三,在新格局下,市场需求已经饱和,靠规模取胜的做法不再具有优势。民营经济要关注市场需求,做人民需要的产品;同时,要搭建平台。以下为刘永好演讲实录 十九大以前,中央颁发了文件,叫做关注企业家,支持企业家,肯定企业家,保护企业家的精神,我觉得非常好。我做民营企业三十多年了,作为全国政协委员和人大代表,也有二十五、六年了。那么多年来,几乎在每次两会上都有提案和建议,都谈到民营企业家需要得到肯定、支持、帮助和尊重。而相当一段时间,国家以公有制经济为主体的大格局,民营经济作为有益的补充,但是民营经济所受到的待遇总感觉不公正,包括资源的配置,融资获得等等,过去二十多年我们一直在呼吁,这是我们很多民营企业家共同的想法。 在十九大以前,9月二十几号,中央以国务院的名义发表了保护支持民营经济和鼓励企业家精神的文件,我觉得是特别好的。再加上十九大又非常明确肯定了企业家的精神,支持企业家做好、做大、做强。我的体会,在新格局下,我们的企业该怎么做呢? 首先,还是扎扎实实去做事,要有工匠精神,做事认认真真,不能搞虚的,不能搞一些乱七八糟的假的。我们集团在农业食品领域做了35年,现在农业面临着转型升级的压力、困难和机会,怎么样做呢?只能扎扎实实、认认真真去做,我们有一系列的措施、办法去推动。 第二,我们要清清白白做人。总书记谈到“亲清”的新型政商关系。所谓的亲,当然希望企业家听领导的声音,帮助我们把工作做的更好。但同时,也要政府的主要官员清清白白,不要做一些勾肩搭背的事。过去几年,中国反腐力度很大,鼓励企业家发展,不要做那些不该做的事,这就是要清清白白的做人。 第三,在新格局下,我们的企业该怎么做?做法跟以前不一样了,以前在市场还有很多需求的情况下,我们买地、建工厂、招人、做市场,几乎都成功了,靠规模取胜。今天整个中国的产品绝大多数都满足了,甚至过剩了,而这个时候你再去建工厂,再去买地,往往生产普通的产品就过剩了,而我们一定要做一些新的市场能够接受的,提高人民需求的产品。另外,以前很多时候是自己做,现在要搭建平台,用平台的方式去做。这几年我们采取了新的措施,新希望集团做了三十几年的农业,饲料,搞养殖,做的好不好?还不错,但是很累。在新的格局下,究竟怎么办呢?还是买地、建工厂,还是用新的方式?我们采取了一个新的措施,成立了一个草根集团,崭新的一个集团,提出用11亿左右打造一个新希望集团。三年多过去了,出现了很多变化,第一年大家兴高采烈,因为不少的人成为了合伙人,成为了老板,高高兴兴,拼命去干,每天要干十几个小时,每周要干七天。第二年好几个合伙人压力大,说日子不好过,弄不好就倾家荡产,我们就进行了调整,坚持下来了。到第三年,发现格局出来了,大家很有感觉了。比如,我们搞了一个冷链控股公司,用合伙人的方式做,经过两三年的努力,自己不但做起来了,而且又兼并了近二十家各个地方的企业,走出了新的路子。最近我们在做另外一件事,中国的生活消费水准提高了,宠物需求大增,而中国的好品牌并不多,我们收购了一些线上线下的生产和销售的企业,结果发现还不够,最近我们刚刚完成一个合并,在澳大利亚收购了一个猫粮狗粮的公司,用了50亿人民币。这是我们集团牵头和其他企业联合做一些国际的并购,把国外优势的产品和国内的渠道结合起来,又打造一个新的平台,这个平台非常有希望。 我们按照这样的思路,构建了乳业体系、冷链物流体系、宠物体系、调味品的体系、保健品的体系。我们在澳大利亚,不管是牛肉的规模,有50多万头,奶牛也有相当的规模,也收购了澳大利亚大型的保健品企业,跟周边的市场怎么结合,这是我们正在做的,必须用新的方式,就是搭平台,让优秀的年轻人在这个平台上,把自己的青春和热血,以及对未来的憧憬结合在一块,我看这个事成功的可能性很大。他们说,用五年时间再造一个新希望,我希望他们能够成功。 在新格局下,用新的思路求新的发展,我们不但实实在在做事,清清白白做人,还要搭建一个新的平台,为新格局下新的发展做新的考量和布局。文章选自凤凰财经,2017年11月28日
2017年12月12日 -
任克英:全球经济同步复苏 新兴经济体市场将迎来牛市
任克英,全球化智库CCG副主席,美银美林中国区主席近日,由全球化智库(CCG)主办的第四届中国企业全球化论坛在海南三亚举行。美银美林中国区主席、CCG副主席任克英在论坛全体大会四发言时指出,从2007年算起,金融危机爆发迄今已经十周年,维护全球金融稳定是推动经济全球化的重要任务。中国作为世界第二大经济体和全球经济复苏的重要引擎,防范化解系统性金融风险成为国家经济工作的重心,2018年全球经济的走向成为各方关注的重点。以下为部分演讲实录 全球经济同步复苏地缘政治风险超过经济 全球经济同步复苏,特别是中美经济同步复苏实属罕见。美国第三季度经济增长0.7,今年有望国民生产总值GDP到3左右,失业率是17年来最低水平。20年前美国联邦储备局主席格林斯潘在定义全面就业的时候讲到,如果失业率达到4.4%,就可以定义为全民就业。所以说美国现在的失业率是4.1,实际上是已经达到全民就业的程度,这也是前所未有的。当前,美国的银行业和金融业非常稳健,自2008年金融危机以来美国的银行业不断减债、收缩、去杠杆,所以现在银行业的资本很充足,资产负债稳健,市值也非常低廉。 此外,欧元区在德国的强劲引领下,经济也是全面复苏,第三季度欧元区的经济增长是0.6,今年有望达到2.5%,欧元区消费出口和投资都是稳健复苏的。特别是欧元区的经济信心和消费者信心都是过往十年来最高水平。日本连续七个季度经济增长0.3,也就是说今年有望到1.4,过往十几年来这是日本经济增长连续时间最长的阶段。印度的经济增长7%,结构性贷款利率不断下降,经济收入、出口和投资不断提高。 中国经济去年年终已经触底反弹,机构改革、消费升级、产业转型,甚至去产能也都取得了长足的进步。 总之,现在全球的经济同步复苏,但是地缘政治的风险已经此起彼伏,到了一个新的更危险的阶段。此外,所有发展体的老龄化、贫富差距等矛盾不断加深,此外,英国的硬脱欧也带来了很多不稳定的政治因素。新兴市场前景乐观 1976年以来,新兴市场的六次大牛市每次到来之前都有一些特点:第一,新兴经济包括中国在内的国家国民生产总值的增速相当于前五年的峰值下降了20%以上;第二,贷款的增速相当于前五年的峰值下降了20%以上。实际上我们这一段相对于前五年下降了30%多;第三,经常账户相对于国民生产总值的总额改善很多,百分比从百分之零点几到现在的2.2%左右;第四,全市场普遍估值下降到一定的水平。去年年中到年底,新兴市场特别是平均市净率的估值在1.3倍左右,后来有所回升,但是平均市场估值都下降到了非常有吸引力的水平;第五,在新兴市场经济牛市到来之前,美元一般都是走强的,而在牛市到达之后,美元开始走弱或者走稳。 根据专业分析师的分析,现在这些条件都非常吻合。宏观上来看,新兴市场特别是中国包括A股市场会迎来新一轮大牛市,未来两年市场会翻230%。微观上也确实有种种迹象证实全球投资体对新兴市场特别是中国的热情有回复,至少资本开始向好。全球投资体投资中国的五个主线 投资中国的主方向依然没有变,大家对中国还是非常看好: 一.人力资本。凡是跟教育、医疗、养老和人的智力提升相关的,都是中国投资体非常关注的投资领域。 二.社交资本。不管年纪大小都需要交流,所以像脸谱、腾讯会继续获得非常有吸引力的发展。因此在社交资本领域还会有大量的投资机会。 三.金融资本。当一个社会非常年轻的时候房地产会起飞,比如印度、巴西这样的地方。当一个社会进入老龄化的时候,它的资本市场是应该起飞的,资产理财应该获得指数级的增长,中国正好在这个阶段,所以金融投资、资产管理会有新的很大的机会。 四.炫富资本。当人民富有了,可能希望有更好的衣着、更宽敞的住宅,对于高端消费依然需求畅旺。凡是跟高端消费服务升级相关的投资领域都机会非常大。 五.绿色资本,即环境资本。当人们富有了,都希望自己的子孙后代住在绿色的环境里,环境投资上会加大力度,中国会在这方面引领未来环保的发展。比如人工智能、电动汽车,中国已经在战略上布局,可能会大大地在全世界形成引领的态势。特别是最近资本市场非常疯狂追捧地无人驾驶。中国企业“走出去”的驱动因素和新挑战 中国企业“走出去”依然有五个强有力的驱动因素,这些因素依然在没有变化。第一,国企改革的需要,国企需要进一步转型升级,需要进一步增加竞争力,所以只有“走出去”才能“买进来”,才能有助于自己的提升。第二,政治的需求,中国要进一步提高竞争力。推动“一带一路”有强烈的需求要“走出去”。第三,崛起的中产阶级需要更高的消费、更好的质量、更圆满的生活,这方面 “走出去”的需求非常强劲。第四,这个需求跟可持续发展有关,有的企业可能在中国发展找不到新的增长盈利点,所以需要到国外其他地方寻求新的盈利增长机会,也是一个可持续发展的需求。第五,高科技驱动。中国有市场、有规模、有资金,现在万事俱备,我们需要更多的高科技,这个驱动下我们需要买更多先进技术、先进产品。比如现在腾讯已经是一家投资公司,它们也在不断的投资中获得新的盈利增长点。 总而言之,这五个驱动因素依然在,但是在投资方面有一些新的挑战。十九大以后,国企和民企信心大增,对于“走出去”的方向更加坚定不移。金融行业进一步加大科技投资,寻找跟资产理财相关的机会;制造业要买先进的技术,要提升企业的竞争力。不管是民企还是国企,“走出去”的决心和信心在十九大之后都更加增强了。 但是现在面临的国际环境正好跟热情相反,也就是说,保护主义在全球范围内盛行,地缘政治风险不断升级的状况下,世界各国对中国的“走出去”还是有一股强烈的抵触势态。比如美国对所有中国的投资全部加紧控制,房地产等方面被列为审议的范围。 所以在中国企业未来“走出去”的势态之下,面对新形势,我们必须有更创新、更协作、更创造互盈的状态,才能在新一轮“走出去”的过程中继续进步。(本文根据嘉宾在由全球化智库(CCG)、商务部中国国际经济合作学会、三亚市政府联合主办的第四届中国企业全球化论坛上的发言整理,未经本人审阅,转载请注明出处)
2017年12月12日 -
【China Daily】SMEs investing overseas must find niche, experts say
A clear strategy and effective use of ’comparative advantages’ seen as the keys to surviving and thrivingWith private enterprises’ proportion of Chinese overseas investment on the rise, the key to small and medium-sized enterprises surviving and thriving abroad is to find their own development space, which might be a very tiny but differentiated market, experts say."Enterprises need to find their own comparative advantages," Gao Zhendong, CEO of Positec Group, a private company that develops and produces mechanical products, tells China Daily on the sidelines of the fourth China Outbound Forum in Sanya, Hainan province.Mou Gang, chairman of Lifan Industry Group, a leading Chinese automaker, says that when they have gained a foothold, "SMEs can invest all they have to make this (market entry) crack become a whole large market.Representatives of small and medium-sized private enterprises attend the fourth China Outbound Forum in Sanya, Hainan province. Provided to China Daily"Once they get into the market and earn experience and money, they are starting a virtuous circle," adds Mou, who also attended the forum, held on Nov 17 and 18.However, SMEs should have a proper strategy and access to resources, Gao says."We have a large number of SMEs, but it must be clear that only those that have clear strategic plans and considerable abilities in financing, resources, technologies and management should think of going out. When a business is having difficulty surviving in the domestic market, it will be very difficult to go abroad."According to a report released recently by the Center for China and Globalization, a Beijing-based think tank that co-organized the Sanya forum, investment cases led by private enterprises rose to 395 in 2016, although the total amount of overseas investment by private enterprises declined slightly from 2015.Small and medium-sized private enterprises are especially willing to seek opportunities in countries participating in the China-led Belt and Road Initiative, the report said.Private enterprises also stood out in overseas mergers and acquisitions. According to a recent PwC report, the number of concluded transactions reached 359 in the first three quarters of this year - almost five times the number of those led by State-owned enterprises.Although private enterprises and SOEs have different areas of focus when investing overseas - SOEs tackle large infrastructure projects, while private enterprises generally take on smaller projects - "they can cooperate at the same time," says Mou.Huo Jianguo, executive vice-chairman of the China Society for World Trade Organization Studies, says private enterprises are more cautious regarding spending versus earning before they invest in overseas projects. Thus, they can to some extent take on some of the risks that State-owned enterprises now bear, Huo adds.State-owned enterprises, on the other hand, have vast resources and policy support and therefore play a leading role in achieving infrastructure connectivity, one of the five goals of the Belt and Road Initiative, says Huo on the sidelines of the forum.Gao, the Positec CEO, says: "I don’t like to overemphasize the different roles of the two kinds of companies. (But) projects that require a large amount of funds and resources, such as infrastructure construction, need SOEs to play a leading role."Huo says SMEs have their own specialties in dealing with overseas investment, and private enterprises are more suitable for in-depth cooperation."The involvement of private companies will make the future development of the (Belt and Road Initiative) more sustainable, since they will undertake those trading and investment projects that they can achieve by themselves" without government financial assistance, he says.For example, Huo says, although SMEs might not have been able to compete with SOEs on the construction of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway in Africa, since they did not have sufficient funds and resources, the smaller enterprises nonetheless had advantages for complementary projects that accompanied the construction, such as providing catering services and accommodations for the project workers.Mou says private enterprises also have the advantage of a decisionmaking structure that is generally more efficient, flexible and adventurous than that of SOEs.Nonetheless, access to financing can pose a huge hurdle for small to medium-sized enterprises looking overseas, the experts agreed.Countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative are mostly in the initial stages of industrialization, so their financial markets are relatively unstable, says Huo.Additionally, resources from the governments are limited; it is difficult for commercial funds to give sufficient support to risky investment projects; and multilateral development banks, such as the Asian Development Bank, mostly provide services for large SOEs, Huo adds.And because commercial banks have few overseas branches, it is difficult to find real-time banking services, including overseas currency clearing and exchange, resulting in financing channels that are costly but not smooth, Huo says.SMEs do indeed have a hard time acquiring financing or loan approval from banks, according to a survey conducted by the China Association of Small and Medium Commercial Enterprises. The survey found that more than 95 percent of SMEs face serious funding shortages, and 65 percent find it difficult to get financing because of credit problems.Fortunately, Huo says, the number of investment funds specifically for SMEs that invest overseas is increasing, and although the amount of money is not yet large, it’s a useful alternative.Another solution, Huo says, is that SMEs can join forces on the development of industrial parks. "They don’t need to invest individually. Instead, they can band together."For example, in 2006, a cluster-type investment platform for enterprises, Cambodia’s Sihanoukville Special Economic Zone, began to work as a bridge between enterprises in China and Cambodia, a key country on the route of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road - one component of the Belt and Road Initiative. The park, built by four private Chinese enterprises, has become the leading international industrial park over the past decade.By the end of 2016, Chinese enterprises had established 77 industrial parks in 36 countries, with 56 located in countries along the Belt and Road routes, according to the report by the Center for China and Globalization."Only when the number of projects that SMEs are involved in increases will we find the demand for financing cooperation going up," Huo says. "Once the financing part steps in, it will attract more trade, more big projects and more communication and cultural exchanges."Besides the technology and management experiences that SMEs bring to overseas markets, their decision-makers must consider establishing roots in these countries, experts say.Huo says that as Chinese enterprises invest in Belt and Road projects, they must provide Chinese who work on the projects with room and board, and possibly an environment imbued with Chinese culture.However, he says, for the projects themselves, "enterprises must pay attention to downplaying the Chinese elements. It should be a natural process of Chinese elements expanding their influence, instead of thousands of Chinese-style buildings. It is actually a win-win solution for the buildings to accommodate the local style as well as for people to operate the business in local ways, to solve local employment problems and pay local taxes."Mou suggests that enterprises get to know the local cultural and environment well, and says they should localize their products, systems and corporate culture. It isn’t possible to completely bring Chinese management theories and patterns into the projects, Mou adds.Gao says the key is for such enterprises to play to their own strengths. "The enterprises still have to find their own comparative advantages, instead of simply going overseas because they are encouraged to."Previously, when there were no funds and resources available, the enterprises still survived and grew. Now the current situation is much better than before, so I believe those SMEs have the ability to find their own development path in foreign lands," Gao says.From China Daily, Dec. 6, 2017
2017年12月12日 -
智联招聘CEO郭盛:“柔性”的组织在人工智能时代更容易成功
理事简介郭盛,全球化智库(CCG)常务理事,智联招聘CEO。2017年12月7日,“数字驱动,智造未来”2017中国年度最佳雇主颁奖盛典暨人力资源国际管理论坛在杭州城中香格里拉大酒店举行。智联招聘CEO郭盛发表了题为《数字驱动,智造未来》的演讲,作为人力资源专家,针对人们面对人工智能的焦虑甚至是恐惧,他就人工智能将如何作用于职场并将与人类劳动者形成怎样的关系做了深度阐释。智联招聘CEO郭盛发表演讲智联招聘CEO郭盛表示:“2016年是人工智能元年,2017年它就在我们身边,到2050年,人工智能产业规模或将相当于再造一个互联网行业。” 面对人工智能无需恐惧随着数据空前丰富和普及、算法的巨大进步以及计算能力的大大提高这三个趋势,人工智能已经声势浩大的来到我们实际的生产中了。与以往的工业革命不同,以往的技术只是取代了人的身体,而同样富有智慧的人工智能却对脑力劳动者也形成了威胁,这也是引发全民焦虑的一个重要原因。郭盛表示:“大多数场景下,人工智能可以取代一部分可预测的体力工作,而大多数工作体现为人机互动、人机共存的情况。从人工智能的角度来说,大家可以焦虑,但是不用恐惧。物理性的工作被取代的可能性高,但是需要沟通、交流、感知、提炼等富有创造性、情感性的工作,人工智能都完全没有办法取代。” AI时代最重要的不是智能,而是人工伴随着个体劳动者的技能迭代焦虑,人工智能已经实实在在的推动了经济的发展,很多企业更是以人工智能为基础进行创业。在过去的两年,人工智能领域新增企业数量超过过去10年的总和。国务院印发的《新一代人工智能发展规划》预测2020年,人工智能总体技术和应用与世界先进水平同步,预计核心产业规模达1500亿,相关产业规模达1万亿。然而,技术发展的背后,是一个个具体的科技型、知识型的人才在驱动。郭盛表示,“我们和很多企业做过沟通,其实人工智能时代最重要的不是智能,而是人工,是能够把这些数据找出来的人,是能够把这些算法做出来的人,是能够把这些计算能力提高的人。”通过智联招聘《2017人工智能就业市场供需与发展研究报告》的数据也可以看到,企业求才若渴,世界需要人工智能,更需要人工智能的驾驭者——AI人才。从2016年开始,人工智能人才的需求量增长了近2倍之多。人才需求量的增长幅度均已超过全国平均。 劳动力市场重构,职场变成“智造场”“技术”在2017年实现了爆发,也在重构着商业、企业、组织和个人。人工智能的基因和血液在不同个体上都形成了不同程度的渗透。郭盛认为,在经济状况良好,且社会稳定的当今中国,技术就像一匹黑马,凭借爆发性和不确定性不断冲击劳动力和就业市场。从宏观上看,据麦肯锡提供的数据显示,中国可实现自动化的工作薪酬规模涉及4.1万亿、工作岗位约3.94亿。智联招聘大数据显示,校对、录入这一岗位,连续三个季度出现大幅的同比负增长。在旧的岗位被取代的同时,新的岗位也被产生,智联招聘大数据显示,数据库开发工程师、算法工程师的需求量持续增长。同时人工智能让就业时间、就业空间变得更加弹性和灵活,智联招聘发现自由职业者、兼职就业者的数量不断增加,从2015年到2017年两年时间内,兼职人群增长了321%。这是不可阻挡的趋势,正式的组织架构正在受到灵活就业的冲击,劳动合同对员工的约束在降低。技术实现的趋势对企业组织产生了巨大的影响,它会让组织的边界越来越模糊,形成了以共同目标为导向的内外部通无界的灵活合作模式。其次,组织的文化体系也摆脱了旧时命令式的管理模式,演变成心智互动式组织。伴随经济乐观和社会稳定,员工也有了更高的精神追求,不再将获得聚焦在薪酬福利上,更多的体现为追求自我实现的成就感。而面对技能迭代焦虑,员工追求加快新陈代谢的成长速度,企业也逐渐演变成让所有员工互相分享知识,一同成长的智慧平台。智能时代的最佳雇主,整体呈现出不同程度的 “智造场”特征。榜单也呈现出“新城市、新技术、新资本”的结构特点。具体表现在获奖企业中,在地域维度上,新一线城市潜力也已经初步显露;行业维度上,IT/ 通信/ 电子/ 互联网行业作为智能科技渗透最深的行业在30强榜单中占据30%;企业性质维度上,上市公司成为最大赢家,占比40%。今年的获奖企业呈现出不一样的特质,郭盛表示:“在以往的榜单中,很多组织往往呈现出狼性,但今天更多的是柔性企业。它有理想,能兼容并蓄,富有包容性。这些企业女性比例比男性更高,且拥有广阔的工作空间。很多企业里柔性取代了狼性,柔性的企业更容易成功,因为它们在新环境下更容易成长。”最后,郭盛再次寄语人工智能焦虑人群:“物竞天择的进化论同样适用于职场,技能的落后注定被淘汰,希望大家做好基因迭代,把过去的基因扔掉,建立更完善的基因,让每个人成为更好的人,每个企业都成为伟大的公司。”文章选自哈佛商业评论,2017年12月9日
2017年12月12日